2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语真题

全卷共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

考生注意：

1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题 卷和答题纸规定的位置上。

2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试 题卷上的作答一律无效。

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题纸上。

2024,高考英语1000点,23分钟

第一节 (共5小题：每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例： How much is the shirt?

A. E19. 15. B. E9. 18.                     C. 59. 15.

答案是 C。

1. What is Kate doing?

A. Boarding a flight. B. Arranging a trip.                  C. Seeing a friend off.

2. What are the speakers talking about?

A. A pop star. B. An old song.                        C. A radio program.

3. What will the speakers do today?

A. Go to an art show. B. Meet the man's aunt.        C. Eat out with Mark.

4. What does the man want to do?

A. Cancel an order. B. Ask for a receipt.   C. Reschedule  a delivery.

5. When will the next train to Bedford leave?

A. At 9: 45. B. At 10: 15.                 C. At 11: 00.

第二节 (共15小题：每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5  秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What will the weather be like today?

A. Stormy. B. Sunny.                             C. Foggy.

7. What is the man going to do?

A. Plant a tree. B. Move his car.            C. Check the map:

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. Why is Kathy in California now?

A. She is on vacation there.

B. She has just moved there.

C. She is doing business there.

9. What is the relationship between Tom and Fiona?

A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister.       C. Father and daughter.

10. What does Kathy thank Dave for?

A. Finding her a new job.

B. Sending her a present.

C. Calling on her mother.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

A. By bike.                              B. On foot.                  C. By bus.

12. What is Jack's attitude toward parents driving their kids to school?

A. Disapproving. B. Encouraging.                    C. Understanding.

13. What is the problem with some parents according to the woman?

A. Overprotecting their children.

B. Pushing their children too hard.

C. Having no time for their children.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14. Why did Marie post her kitchen gardening online at first?

A. To keep records of her progress.

B. To sell home-grown vegetables.

C. To motivate her fellow gardeners.

15. Why does Marie recommend beginners to grow strawberries?

A. They need no special care.

B. They can be used in cooking.

C. They bear a lot of fruit soon.

16. What is difficult for Marie to grow?

A. Herbs. B. Carrots                              C. Pears.

17. What is Marie's advice to those interested in kitchen gardening?

A. Aim high. B. Keep focused.                     C. Stay optimistic.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. What is "Life of Johnson"?

A. A magazine column. B. A TV series.                     C. A historical novel.

19. What is Johnson famous for?

A. His acting talent. B. His humorous writing         C. His long sports career.

20. When did Johnson join Sports Times?

A. In 1981. B. In 1983.               C. In 1985.

第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM

Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的)plant removal,  winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in   restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.

GROUPS

Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.

AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING

Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.

Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent guardian approval section signed.

We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.

Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.

No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements.

UPCOMING EVENTS

21. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team?

A. To discover mineral resources.                  

B. To develop new wildlife parks.

C. To protect the local ecosystem.                

D. To conduct biological research.

22. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team?

A. 5.     B. 10.   C. 15.                   D. 18.

23. What are the volunteers expected to do?

A. Bring their own tools                                    

B. Work even in bad weather.

C. Wear a team uniform.                                 

D. Do at least three projects

B

“I am not crazy,"says Dr. Wlliam Fartber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. "I am ahead of my time. "If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh. He's one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医) now practicing"holistic"medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture,  chiropractic(按摩疗法)and herbal medicine.

Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.

Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy,"moves more  easily  and  rides more comfortably"after a chiropractic adjustment.

Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership  in the American Holistic  Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me  that it works so well,"he says. "I will do anything to help an animal. That's my job. "

24. What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him?

A. He's odd. B. He's  strict.               

C. He's brave D. He's rude.  

25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?

A. He was trained in it at university.

B. He was inspired by another veterinarian.

C. He benefited from it as a patient.

D. He wanted to save money for pet owners.

26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment.

B. The complexity of veterinarians'work.

C. Examples of rare animal diseases.

D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine.

27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association?

A. To prove Farber's point.

B. To emphasize its importance.

C. To praise veterinarians.

D. To advocate animal protection.

C

Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper?And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no.”The reasons relate to a variety  of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态)and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.

When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly  shine through when experimenters move from  posing simple tasks -- like identifying the main idea in a reading passage -- to ones that require mental abstraction -- such as drawing inferences from a text.

The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.

But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called "shallowing  hypothesis(假说). " According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental  effort than when they are reading print.

Audio(音频)and video can feel more  engaging than text, and  so university teachers increasingly tum to these technologies -- say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by  the  same  person. However, psychologists  have  demonstrated  that  when  adults  read  news  stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.

Digital texts, audio  and  video  all  have  educational  roles, especially  when  providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and  reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they  contain identical words.

28. What does the underlined phrase "shine through" in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Seem unlikely to last.

B. Seem hard to explain.

C. Become ready to use.

D. Become easy to notice.

29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume?

A. Readers treat digital texts lightly.

B. Digital texts are simpler to understand.

C. People select digital texts randomly.

D. Digital texts are suitable for social media.

30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers?

A. They can hold students' attention.

B. They are more convenient to prepare.

C. They help develop advanced skills.

D. They are more informative than text.

31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?

A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques.

B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material.

C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.

D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored.

D

In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.

“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,"said Barmabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences.  “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?"

Using a global dataset of 1. 9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.

“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering  plant instead of the grass right next to it,"said Daru.

Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on  mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These  data  are  also  biased  toward  certain  species  with  attractive  or  eye-catching features.

What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity?

“Quite a lot,"Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places-and even species-that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”

32. What do we know about the records of species collected now?

A. They are becoming outdated.

B. They are mostly in electronic form.

C. They are limited in number.

D. They are used for public exhibition.

33. What does Daru's study focus on?

A. Threatened species.

B. Physical specimens.

C. Observational data.

D. Mobile applications

34. What has led to the biases according to the study?

A. Mistakes in  data  analysis.                         

B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.

C. Improper way of sampling.

D. Unreliable data collection devices.

35. What is Daru's suggestion for biodiversity apps?

A. Review data from certain areas.

B. Hire experts to check the records.

C. Confirm the identity of the users.

D. Give guidance to citizen scientists.

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项

为多余选项。

Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(原稿),     36    No editor is likely to tolerate   a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.

I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus(同义词词典). I don't  trust  my  laptop's  spellchecker.   37    Of course, these  days  there  are  plenty  of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.

38      It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.

In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2, 672 pages, it's not exactly short. It  contains  around   163, 000  words, plus  word  combinations  and  idiomatic  phrases.    39    However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples   of its usage, there's nothing better.

For well  over  a  hundred  years  the  most  influential  English  dictionary  was  Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in  1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味)work,"wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull",     40   . A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.

A. I don't often use this dictionary.

B. It takes no account of the context.

C. But I still don't want to replace them.

D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.

E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.

F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.

G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.

第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

I've been motivated -- and demotivated -- by other folks' achievements all my life.

When I  was  a  teenager, a  neighborhood  friend  .  41   a   marathon   race. Feeling motivated, I  started  running. 42   , but  then  two  things  happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was  43     for  a"super,"referring to  a  52.4-mile double marathon. Then,

the next day I went on my longest run --15 miles. To be honest, I   44    it! Between  the

girl making my    45   seem  small  and the pure boredom  of jogging, I decided that the only    46   I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!

So l    47   cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I    48   of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I    49   her bike and went  for  a  ride. The   50   : The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such   51   . That   day, I   got      52   by about 100 “local”bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as    53   .

I've  54   a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever   55  I set for myself, they just have to be my own.

41. A. knew B. held                    C. won D. quit

42. A. regularly B. silently                C. proudly D. recently

43. A. asking B. looking                C. waiting D. training

44. A. made B. believed              C. hated D. deserved

45. A. advantage B. achievement       C. contribution D. influence

46. A. way B. risk       C. place D. reason

47. A. gave up B. went on              C. turned  to D. dealt with

48. A. heard B. dreamed             C. complained D. approved

49. A. painted B. borrowed           C. bought D. parked

50. A. problem B. secret                 C. principle D. advice

51. A. dangers B. events               C. opponents D. challenges

52. A. passed B. convinced          C. admired D. stopped

53. A. reliable B. convenient          C. familiar D. appealing

54. A. traveled B. matured              C. missed D. worried

55. A. limits B. dates                  C. goals D. tests

第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Heatherwick Studio  recently  built  a  greenhouse  at  the  edge  of the  National  Trust's Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modem times.

The latest  56   (engineer)techniques  are  applied to  create this protective.  57 (function)structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel "sepals (萼片) "made  of glass and aluminium(铝). These sepals open on warm days   58   (give)the    inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays.  59   (close)to protect the plants.

Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse  60   (walk)visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for   61   first time. These plants included modern Western   62  (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.

The Glasshouse stands  63   a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯)the steps along the Silk Route    64   brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the    65    (rich)of gardening in England.                   

第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节  (满分15分)

假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris 写一封

邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：

(1)你完成的作品；

(2)你的感想。

注意：

(1)写作词数应为80个左右：

(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

第二节 (满分25分)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport  building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.

That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so l explained again more slowly,  but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what  seemed like a century,  Gunter put his phone down and started the car.

Finally, with just two minutes to spare we  rolled  into  the  bus  station. Thankfully, there  was a long queue (队列)still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus,  turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it,"he said.

Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out.

At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: “Out of order. Sorry.”

注意：

(1)续写词数应为150个左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

2024年新高考I卷参考答案如下：

听力部分

CBACA ABBBC BCAAC BCAB

阅读理解

CBB ACDA DAAC BCCD

七选五

FBEAD

完形填空

CADCB DCBBA DADBC

语法填空

1.engineering 2.functional 3.to give 4.closed5.walks 6.the 7.favourites 8.as

9.that/which

10.richness

作文一：

 参考范文：

 Dear Chris,

 I'm writing to share an extraordinary experience from last Friday when our class had an art lesson in the park. You cannot imagine how meaningful and interesting it was!

We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park's pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.

The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.

 In a word, It was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished.

 How have your classes been lately? I would love to hear about them.

 Take care and write back soon!

 Best regards,

 Li Hua

读后续写

参考范文：

 Para1

I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. "If I miss this last bus to Prague, I'll be late for the conference which is so important that I can't afford to miss it!"I explained. "May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!"I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. "Just keep your promise, Sir."A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure.

Para2

 Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the "double car ride", back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I had no choice but to give him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. In this way, we became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter who has a heart of gold.

2024年新高考I卷参考答案解析如下：（听力原文附在后面）

21、C. To protect the local ecosystem. 解释：根据文本中的描述，"Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas...restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys." 明确指出了Habitat Restoration Team的目标是恢复和保护当地的自然区域，以及敏感资源和濒危物种，这与保护当地生态系统相符。

22、B. 10. 解释：文本中提到，"Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome." 这表明加入Habitat Restoration Team的最低年龄限制是10岁。

23、B. Work even in bad weather. 解释：文本中有一句，"We'll be working rain or shine." 这表示志愿者需要在任何天气条件下工作，包括恶劣天气。

24、A. He's odd. 解释：文中提到，"even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods." 这表明他的同事们认为他的方法不寻常，甚至有些古怪。

25、C. He benefited from it as a patient. 解释：文中提到，"He tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments." 这说明Farber自己作为患者尝试了针灸并从中受益，这促使他在宠物上尝试针灸。

26、D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine 解释：第三段主要讲述了Farber如何通过整体医学的方法帮助宠物，包括使用针灸减轻了Tindale的狗Charlie的心脏病痛，以及Dewing的马Nappy通过按摩疗法改善了状况。

27、A. To prove Farber's point 解释：文中提到，"Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700." 这说明整体兽医医学协会的会员数量显著增长，这支持了Farber的观点，即整体医学方法将随着时间的推移越来越受欢迎。

28、D. Become easy to notice. 解释：在第二段中，"shine through"这个短语是用来形容纸质阅读的好处在进行需要精神抽象的任务时变得更加明显，即当实验者从提出简单任务（如识别阅读段落中的主要思想）转向需要精神抽象的任务（如从文本中推断）时，纸质阅读的好处变得容易察觉。

29、A. Readers treat digital texts lightly. 解释："shallowing hypothesis"这个理论假设人们以一种适合社交媒体的心态来接触数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，并且投入的精神努力比阅读印刷品时少，即读者对数字文本持轻松态度。

30、A. They can hold students' attention. 解释：第三段提到，音频和视频比文本更能吸引人们的注意力，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术，例如，分配一个在线讲座而不是同一个人的文章。这表明教师使用音频和视频是为了吸引学生的注意力。

31、C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. 解释：最后一段提到，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中都有其作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中不可用资源时，但对于需要精神集中和反思的学习来说，教育者不应该假设所有媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的话语。这暗示了印刷文本在教育中不能完全被替代。

32、B. They are mostly in electronic form. 解释：根据文章第一段，"Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records." 这表明目前收集的物种记录主要是以电子形式存在。

33、C. Observational data. 解释：Daru的研究集中在观察数据上，文章第二段提到，"Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns." 这里的"these data"指的是观察数据。

34、C. Improper way of sampling. 解释：根据文章第四段，"Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species." 这表明偏差是由不适当的抽样方式导致的。

35、D. Give guidance to citizen scientists. 解释：文章最后一段提到，"Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places - and even species - that are not well-sampled." 以及 "To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image." 这表明Daru建议生物多样性应用程序通过提供指导来改善观察数据的质量，引导公民科学家到采样不足的地区和物种，并鼓励他们通过专家确认上传图像的物种鉴定。

36、F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes 解释：这句话是对前文提到的"it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript"的进一步说明，指出完美无瑕的原稿意味着语法正确且没有拼写错误。

37、B. It takes no account of the context. 解释：这句话是对作者不完全信任笔记本电脑的拼写检查器的原因的解释。作者提到了尽管有在线字典和同义词词典，但他更喜欢有实体书，因为他可以翻阅实体书页。这表明作者认为电子设备可能不会考虑到上下文，而实体书可以提供更全面的理解和帮助。

38、E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. 解释：这句话是对前文提到的字典功能的一个补充，说明字典不仅仅是用来检查拼写的，还提供了每个词的精确定义、发音等信息。

39、A. I don't often use this dictionary. 解释：这句话是对作者拥有的Shorter Oxford Dictionary的使用频率的说明，尽管它包含了大量的词汇和短语，但作者并不经常使用它，除非需要查找词源或用法示例。

40、D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. 解释：这句话是对Samuel Johnson的字典的评价，说明尽管编写字典是一项乏味的工作，但阅读字典却可以是一种享受，这与Johnson对"dull"的定义形成了对比。

41、C. won - 根据语境，这里描述的是作者的朋友完成了马拉松比赛，因此"won"（赢得）是最佳选项。

42、A. regularly - 作者受到激励后开始跑步，"regularly"（定期地）表示作者有规律地跑步。

43、D. training - 女孩提到她正在为"super"做准备，这里的"super"指的是超级马拉松，即52.4英里的双倍马拉松，所以她正在"training"（训练）。

44、C. hated - 作者提到了跑步的无聊，并且决定除非有大狗追他，否则他不会再跑步，这表明他"hated"（讨厌）跑步。

45、B. achievement - 女孩的超级马拉松训练让作者觉得自己跑马拉松的成就显得微不足道，所以这里指的是"achievement"（成就）。

46、D. reason - 作者决定不再跑步，除非有充分的理由，即大狗追他，所以这里应该选择"reason"（理由）。

47、C. turned to - 作者放弃了跑步，转而开始骑自行车，"turned to"（转向）表示作者改变了活动。

48、B. dreamed - 作者开始梦想参加自行车比赛，"dreamed"（梦想）表示他有这个想法但没有实际行动。

49、B. borrowed - 作者借用了他妹妹的自行车去骑行，"borrowed"（借用）是正确的选项。

50、A. problem - 作者在圣迭戈骑行时遇到了问题，因为那里的道路要穿越大山谷，需要长时间上坡骑行，这是一个"problem"（问题）。

51、D. challenges - 作者之前从未面对过如此的挑战，"challenges"（挑战）是最佳选项。

52、A. passed - 那天，我被大约100个习惯这种道路的本地骑行者“passed”（超过）。

53、D. appealing - 当我回到家时，突然觉得骑自行车没有那么有吸引力了，“appealing”最为贴切。

54、B. matured - 作者成熟了，意识到他为自己设定的任何目标都必须是自己的，"matured"（成熟）是最佳选项。

55、C. goals - 作者接受为自己设定的目标必须是自己的，"goals"（目标）是这里的最佳选项。

56、engineering - 这里需要一个名词来修饰后面的"techniques"，表示“工程学的技术”，所以用"engineering"。

57、functional - 这里需要一个形容词来修饰“structure”，表示这个结构是“功能性的”，所以用"functional"。

58、to give - 这里需要一个不定式来表示目的，即这些“sepals”打开的目的是为了“给内部的植物阳光和新鲜空气”。

59、closed - 这里需要一个形容词来描述结构在寒冷天气的状态，即保持“关闭”以保护植物。

60、walks - 这里需要一个动词的第三人称单数形式，表示花园“引导”游客通过旅程，因此用"walks"。

61、the - 这里需要一个冠词来修饰后面的"first time"，表示这是“第一次”。

62、favorites - 这里需要一个名词的复数形式，表示这些植物是“现代西方的最爱”，所以用"favorites"。

63、as - 这里需要一个介词来表示Glasshouse作为“当代设计的一个伟大成就”。

64、that/which - 这里需要一个关系代词来引导定语从句，修饰前面的“path”，表示这个路径“追溯了将植物从它们在亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国的步骤”。that或者which都可以

65、richness - 这里需要一个名词来表示园艺的“丰富性”，所以用"richness"。

新高考I卷/II卷真题听力原文：

Text 1 (机场送别)

M: Thanks for the wonderful weekend, Kate.

W: That's okay. Bob and I are glad you came to see us.

M: Oh, I have to go in. My flight will take off soon. Do contact me when you're in Sydney.

W: Sure, we will.

Text 2 (重听婚礼歌曲)

W: Paul, listen to the radio. It's You've Stolen My Heart, one of the songs played at our wedding.

M: Yeah, how beautiful! It's been popular for almost two decades.

Text 3 (同伴无法同行)

W: David, forget about Mark. His aunt is in town, so he can't go with us today.

M: Oh, what a pity! It's the last day of the art show.

Text 4（改送货日期）

W: How may I help you?

M: I bought a desk and asked for it to be delivered to my house this Friday.

W: Yes, what's the problem ?

M: I need to have it delivered this Saturday.

Text 5（错过火车）

W: Next, please.

M: Oh, hi, I missed my 9 o'clock train to Bedford. Do I have to buy another ticket?

W: No. The next train leaves at a quarter to ten at Platform 11.

M: Thank you.

Text 6（应对坏天气）

W: Honey, （6）have you checked today's weather forecast?

M: Yes, it's cold and wet. There is a warning for strong winds up to 100 kilometers per hour.

W: What are we going to do then ?

M: Nothing much. Just stay indoors. There is a risk of falling trees and power lines.

W: Right.

M: And the low temperatures could bring snow to the forest area.

W: I hope it's over quickly.

M: Well, it won't get better until late Wednesday. （7）Anyway, I have to move the car away from the trees.

W: Yeah, you cannot be too careful.

Text 7（电话告知近况）

W: Hello,Dave.This is Kathy from Sunny California.

M: Hi，Kathy. You finally call. （8）How was the move? All settled in?

W: Sorry, I hadn't called sooner, but it's been a busy month. （8）We're slowly getting things set up in our new home.

M: Yeah, I understand. （9）How are Jeff and the children?

W: Jeff is doing well with his new job, Tom has made many new friends here and has a lot to do. Fiona is fine, though she misses her grandma. （10）By the way,thank you for looking in on my mother from time to time. I call her every week, but it isn't the same as seeing her.

Text 8（讨论接送孩子上下学）

W:（11） Jack, how did you get to school when you were in primary school?

M: I lived close to my school, so I walked every day. Why?

W: Well, I remember that when we were kids, we often walked, rode a bike, or caught the bus to school. Few of us were dropped off at the school gate by our parents.

M: I see what you mean. （12）These days you can see traffic jams around schools that drop off and pick up times. But it's hard to blame the parents. They have good reasons for driving their kids to school, mostly to do with safety and convenience.

W: You have a point there, but it could also mean children are missing out on much needed exercise and other life skills. （13）Some parents are just being overprotective, with their children learning nothing, but living in fear of everything. Studies have found that children who spend more time outside tend to be healthier, better adjusted, and better at dealing with stress.

Text 9（分享种植心得）

M: So, Marie, your kitchen garden looks excellent. What made you turn to social media to record your vegetable growing?

W: （14）Initially, I used the online platform as a diary, something to look back on, giving me a sense of achievement and keeping me motivated and moving forward. As time went by, other gardeners and like-minded people began to follow my progress, too.

M: I know you grow lots of fruit on your land. Which would you recommend to beginners as the best to grow?

W: Strawberries would be a good choice. （15）They produce a lot of fruit in their first season.

M: That's cool. Well, do you have plans to try new or any particular crops next year?

W: Next season, I will be adding some pear trees to the fruit area. I will be adding moreherbs, which I can use in the kitchen. （16）And, after a couple of years of failure, I will try growing carrots again.

M: What advice would you offer someone thinking of doing kitchen gardening?

W: Have a plan of what you want your kitchen garden to look like. （17）Don't be toodiscouraged if things don't go according to plan. Learn from your mistakes and move on. There's always next season.

Text 10（介绍体育作家）

Welcome to Meet the Author. （18）Well, many readers of Sports Times turn to the last page of their magazine first in order to read Jacob Johnson's weekly article under the title, Life of Johnson.（19） The articles, along with his novels and essay collections, have earned Johnson the reputation as one of the funniest humans on the planet. Johnson began writing about sports as a second-year student at the University of Colorado, covering high school volleyball games for his hometown newspaper. （20）After graduating in 1981, he moved on to work at The Denver Weekly for two years and the Los Angeles Post for two more years before landing at Sports Times. He has been voted National Sports Writer of the Year 11 times. So now, let's welcome the funny man with serious talent, Jacob Johnson.